No Health Insurance? Qualify for Hardship Waiver?
If you didn’t get health insurance coverage this year, you may be subject to a penalty unless you qualify for one of the many general or hardship exemptions. There are in excess of 30 possible exemptions from the penalty and some of the exemptions require you to complete and file an application for approval. If approved for an exemption that requires specific approval, you will be issued an exemption certificate number (ECN) that must be included on your tax return to claim the exemption.
The approval form instructions cover several types of exemptions, will take some time to complete; and, once the application is submitted, the approval/denial process presently takes more than two weeks. Once others realize they need approval for certain hardship exemptions, however, you can expect the approval process to take considerably longer. While application forms are available online, each application must be printed, filled out manually, and then snail-mailed to the government for processing. With tax season just around the corner, you don’t want your refund held up while you are applying for an exemption; so, start the process early.
Not all exemptions require approval, so make sure your reason for an exemption requires advance approval before going to the trouble of completing and submitting the form. If you qualify for an exemption that doesn’t require prior approval, you can claim it on a new IRS form that will need to be included with your 2014 tax return.
If you didn’t have insurance for some period of time during the year (the penalty is computed by the month) and you don’t qualify for one or more of the exemptions, then you will be subject to the penalty for not being insured (the official name for the penalty is the “shared responsibility payment”).
The penalty is generally the larger of a flat dollar amount per individual or a percentage of your income, whichever is greater. For 2014, the full-year penalty, based upon the flat dollar amount, is $95 per adult and $47.50 per child, capped at $285 regardless of family size. The full-year penalty determined by income is 1% of the amount that your household income exceeds your tax filing income threshold.
For the first year of the shared responsibility payment, 2014, the penalties are low. In 2015, the flat dollar amounts jump to $325 per adult and $162.50 per child (capped at $975), while the percentage of income jumps to 2%. Then, in 2016, the per-adult flat dollar amount goes to $695 and the child amount to $347.50 (maximum $2,085), while the percentage of income increases to 2.5%. If our prior example had taken place in 2016, Kevin’s and Brenda’s penalty would be $2,085 (2 x $695 plus 2 x $347.50) since the flat dollar amount is larger than their percentage of income amount.
Kevin and Brenda, based upon their income, would qualify for some amount of premium assistance credit that will help them pay the cost of their health insurance if they purchase coverage through a government marketplace. With the severe increase in penalties over the next two years, Kevin and Brenda will need to consider whether the cost of health insurance (and the benefits that come with coverage) is a better option than paying the penalty. Open enrollment for 2015 marketplace insurance begins November 15, 2014.
If you have questions about the shared responsibility payment or penalty exemptions you may qualify for, please give us a call.
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